Severe Thunderstorms: What They Are and How to Stay Safe

Definition of a Severe Thunderstorm

A thunderstorm is classified as severe when it contains one or more of the following: * **Tornado** * **Hail of one inch or greater** * **Wind gusts exceeding 57.5 mph**

Formation of Thunderstorms

Thunderstorms form when warm, moist air rises from the ground. As the air rises, it cools and condenses, forming clouds. If the updraft is strong enough, the clouds will continue to grow vertically, forming a thunderstorm.

Causes of Lightning and Thunder

Lightning is caused by the buildup of static electricity in the clouds. When the electrical charge becomes too great, it is released in the form of a lightning bolt. Thunder is the sound of the shock wave created by the lightning bolt. The shock wave travels through the air at supersonic speeds, creating a loud boom.

Types of Thunderstorms

There are many different types of thunderstorms, including: * **Single-cell thunderstorms** are small, brief, and weak storms that grow from updrafts within a single cloud. * **Multicell thunderstorms** are larger and longer-lasting than single-cell thunderstorms. They are made up of several cells, each of which contains an updraft and a downdraft. * **Supercell thunderstorms** are the largest and most powerful type of thunderstorm. They can produce tornadoes, hail, and damaging winds.

Staying Safe During a Thunderstorm

If you are caught in a thunderstorm, it is important to take the following precautions: * **Seek shelter in a sturdy building.** * **Stay away from windows and doors.** * **Unplug electrical appliances.** * **Do not use a telephone or go outside.** * **If you are in a car, pull over to the side of the road and stay inside.**

Conclusion

Thunderstorms can be dangerous, but by taking the proper precautions, you can stay safe during a storm.